I drilled holes for the actuator rod for the Tortoise switch machines to control the throwbars. I also sanded the ties so that they are all even at the top. There were a few trouble spots but most of the ties were pretty smooth already. The next step was to stain the ties. I used Minwax "Special Walnut" undiluted to stain the ties. Later, when the dust of the ballast sets in, the ties will lighten up a bit, which will give them a more aged look.